Risk Factors Associated with Adolescent Suicide Essay

Risk Factors Associated with Adolescent Suicide - Essay Example This rising trend, particularly in the 15-19 age group placed suicide as the leading cause of death for males and the third most common cause of death for females. As a result of these figures, suicidal behaviour in adolescents became a major health concern in both developed and developing countries. This paper will review studies that seek to identify risk factors in adolescent suicide. The research will pertain to two dissimilar geographical areas and their social milieu, namely New Zealand (the Beautrais, Drummond, Fortune, Heled, Langford, and Fleming studies) and Korea (the Lee, Park, and Kim studies). Half a world apart, the two countries have recorded rising incidences of suicide and suicide ideation among the children and adolescents in their societies. The aim of this study of both countries is to gain knowledge which would help implement new strategies to reduce the rising suicide figures. The study shall employ the Comparative Social Science Approach as research framework. Theoretical Framework This paper shall employ a variant of the Comparative Social Science Approach, a framework for cross border research projects carried out by international researchers. The framework is one of the several paradigms endorsed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. While this exercise does not employ a network of researchers, for which the framework is best suited, it is however useful in structuring a comparative study across borders, such as this one. The framework entails identification and discussion of the following elements: (1) Identification of criteria in the context of cross comparison and transferability (2) A better grasp of cross-national phenomena (3) Collective learning for the benefit of research for action. The first step indicates that there are varied criteria for research that would be relevant to each country specifically. However, there would also be criteria which would be relevant to both social environment s, and therefore would prove useful in the transference and comparison of information across the theoretical divide. While the first step seeks what are common between the two societies, the second step entails an understanding of the differences between the two settings. An appreciation of the country-specific elements would shed light on the nature of the phenomenon studied – in this case, the incidence and ideation of suicide among adolescents. This understanding would prove invaluable in determining the usefulness and validity of the findings on the basis of the geographical location. Finally, the collective learning gathered should yield recommendations that would prove useful in the preparation of an action plan. Discussion of the academic literature Before applying the framework, the topic of study should first be compared for compatibility. The studies appear to agree that previous suicide attempts are predictive of future suicidal behaviours (Fleming et al, 2007: 214 ), with an important qualification. However, the New Zealand studies tackled the matter of fatal suicides – attempts that had resulted in a death. The Korean studies, on the other hand, dealt with suicide ideation, without information on suicide fatalities. The Kim study refers to an article published by Myers et al (1991) which states it would be inappropriate to generalize results from those who have attempted suicide to suicide ideators and adolescents who have actually committed suicide, as there may be qualitative differences in these groups. The Fleming et al study indirectly supports this theory when it quotes the work of Evans et al (2005) which states ‘few young people who report to have tried to kill themselves may in fact have wished to die, and very few

Employee Relations Killing Time Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employee Relations Killing Time - Case Study Example has to recognize the talent pool which is available and the government needs to make viable conditions for them to exist and work in the best manner possible. The role of HR thus is to liaison these activities in the best interests of the organization as well as the linkage that it has with the government. This helps the overall mission and vision basis of the organization and helps develop the objectives on a long term basis more than anything else. The need is to realize that talent management can truly play a pivotal role at exploiting the weaknesses present within the prevalent system and look to play upon the strengths which could be drawn from the linkages brought forward by training regimes of the organization helped and facilitated by the governmental ranks. A conflict within an organization can take place due to differing personalities of the employee and the manager or in their attitudes that lead in their linkage with each other. This could also happen due to their norms and behaviors which might not be liked by any one party (person) and thus lead to a conflict of thoughts, ideas, actions and eventual behaviors towards each other. There is a degree of power when we speak of the manager in terms of the same over his subordinate or the employee who is working under him in a direct or an indirect capacity. Different conflict handling styles include avoidance of the conflict in the first place which will ensure that the two persons within the organizational set up remain at peace and understand each other's personalities. Example is that of subordinate not taking harsh words of the manager at all and just adhering to his instructions. The second one is that of accommodating where each of these persons would accommodate the personality tr aits of each other and... This case study refers mostly to Greengard and Byham book, in which authors suggest hiring for attitude. While resumes present degrees, experience and skills, â€Å"they’re only part of the overall picture† The Women & Infant’s Hospital seeks employees who are compassionate, diplomatic, energetic and confident, and Southwest Airlines looks for energy, humor, team spirit, a strong work ethic and self-confidence. These companies do not discover these characteristics on a resume, so they employ â€Å"behavior-based interviews and in-depth analysis of candidates†. The researcher of this case study describes how Southwest gathers a group of job candidates in a room and observes how they interact. They ask them questions that will reveal personality traits. Attitudinal shift must happen within the work colleagues and they must be told clear cut that their work must hold priority over anything else, as long as they are working within the office timings. They must not waste any time whatsoever and commit themselves whole-heartedly towards work and nothing else. This would benefit one and all as well as the organization which must be on the hunt to complement its employees through different initiatives in the name of bonuses, incentives and so on and so forth. The researcher then concluds that there is a serious lesson to be learned from this scenario presented in the case study and all efforts must be enacted by the top regimes within the organization to make sure that the learning has been done in the best possible way.

Is the current law on murder still acceptable Assignment

Is the current law on murder still acceptable - Assignment Example It is more than any rule that is practiced or any law but it’s a complete process of legal frame work. England inherited the law of Wales, therefore when talking about the English Legal System we refer to Wales’s as well. The English Legal system is based on the common law where the judges can carry on the law themselves and the decisions from the previous cases and be made as a part of law. (Gillespie, 2007) The legal system of England and Wales is based on the common law legal system used I Republic of England and in most common wealth countries. United Kingdom is the member of the European Union, England and Wales are constituent countries of the UK. The essence of common law is that it is the judges sitting in courts applying the Law of England. 1.1 CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF A DEFENDENT ACCUSED OF MURDER As explained by Catherine Elliot and Frances Quin in the first chapter (Elliot & Quin, 2012) there are various elements necessary to prove the criminal liability of a m urder. A criminal offence is only possible when both â€Å"Actus reus† and â€Å"Mens rea† are conducted at a time. ... As stated in the English law that a person is innocent until proven guilty. ACTUS REAUS + MENS REA = CRIMINAL OFFENCE (the above diagram shows the elements of criminal offence) In the case of Woolmington v DPP (1935) the defendant had taken a gun to threat his wife (the victim of the case), that he would commit suicide if she didn’t return to him, accidently the gun went off and he was convicted of murder. Hence, it is concluded from this case that although he did it by accident but the murderer had done a criminal offence, with a guilty mind. (Roe D, 2005) 1.2 ACTUS REUS To begin with the study of any case, firstly it is necessary to prove the criminal offence. As talked about it earlier a criminal offence is a compound of both intention and action to commit the crime. Actus reus is the first element of a criminal offence. Briefly and in simple words it means intent, the intention to commit offence. The term is a Latin word meaning ‘the guilty act’. The literal m eaning explains that it is important that a physical action or movement takes place. In the case of R  v Cunningham  (1982), the victim was attacked by the defendant wrongly assuming that victim has sexual relation with his fiance. The defendant repeatedly hit the victim in his head, causing fracture and severe injuries resulting in death in a week. Although the defendant claimed that law of murder should be held to those who intent to do kill but unfortunately the decision was given against the defendant. 1.2.1 IMPORTANCE The concept of Actus reus has been derived from English common law. The principal of this concept is the application of both the elements of criminal offence to call it a criminal act. Any act that is carried on with the intention to harm anyone becomes a criminal act. In the

Expository on Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Expository on Critical Thinking - Essay Example She said, "Almost 60 percent of the online population under age 17 uses instant messaging, according to Nielson/Net Ratings. In addition to cellphone text messaging, Weblogs, and e-mail, it has become a popular means of flirting, setting up dates, asking for help with homework and keeping in contact with distant friends. Lee also said, "Some teachers see the creeping abbreviations as part of a continuing assault on technology on formal written English. We see and use these types of writing on a daily basis and it doesn’t confuse many people due to the fact that the way our brains process the information we see and read. In â€Å"How to Mark a Book† by Mortimer J. Adler it ties in with critical thinking while reading by showing that a book is never really read until it is written in and notes are taken to make sure that you really understand what you have read. Adler says, â€Å"You know you have to read â€Å"between the lines† to get the most out of anything.† That is just like critical thinking in reading and writing all day long. The more thinking critical that is done the better work will improve over time. Thinking critical can also do wonders in helping you stay alert in writing and reading because the brain is constantly at work processing information that was just read. Adler backs this up by saying, â€Å"First, it keeps you awake. (And I don’t mean merely conscious; I mean awake.) In the second place; reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written.† The things that Adler and Lee are both talking about are forms of critical thinking in reading and writing. â€Å"The Markers Eye† by Donald Murray is also a form of critical thinking in reading and riding by showing that writers are always looking more into their work the more they write. Murray says, â€Å"When beginning writers complete their first draft, they usually read it through to correct

Decision Making with Managerial Accounting Case Study

Decision Making with Managerial Accounting - Case Study Example In other words, managerial accounting is referred to as the internal business-developing role of finance and accounting professionals who plan, implement and manage the internal systems, which encourage effective decisions, thereby supporting and controlling the value creating activities of an organization (Ioana-Diana, 2014). Managerial accounting is aimed at providing financial and non-financial information to managers, so as to help them make the best decisions. It facilitates effective internal decision making that is primarily focused on planning and controlling purposes. The type of decisions taken by managers depends heavily on the accounting information available to them. Given the fact that financial accounting data does not provide sufficient detail for internal decisions, it must be broken down to further details, regarding individual services and products offered by the company. Not only do managers need to be aware of the cost of a service or product, but they also need the cost information to be broken into intricate details of smaller components, that will enable them to conduct ‘what if’ analysis and thus, predict the future. The types of decisions that managers more often than not are supposed to make are regarding pricing a particular or a group of products, dropping a produ ct or product line, purchase of new resources by replacing the old ones, assessing the performance of managers and divisions of an organization and sometimes, making instead of purchasing a product. Therefore, this suggests that the two fundamental utilities of managerial accounting are planning and controlling. Both the factors mentioned in the statement above help managers to accomplish fluent decision making (UNF, n.d. ). The principal role of managerial accountant is to record financial information within the financial statements of a company, which is utilized by the management team of the organization to

Expository on Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Expository on Critical Thinking - Essay Example She said, "Almost 60 percent of the online population under age 17 uses instant messaging, according to Nielson/Net Ratings. In addition to cellphone text messaging, Weblogs, and e-mail, it has become a popular means of flirting, setting up dates, asking for help with homework and keeping in contact with distant friends. Lee also said, "Some teachers see the creeping abbreviations as part of a continuing assault on technology on formal written English. We see and use these types of writing on a daily basis and it doesn’t confuse many people due to the fact that the way our brains process the information we see and read. In â€Å"How to Mark a Book† by Mortimer J. Adler it ties in with critical thinking while reading by showing that a book is never really read until it is written in and notes are taken to make sure that you really understand what you have read. Adler says, â€Å"You know you have to read â€Å"between the lines† to get the most out of anything.† That is just like critical thinking in reading and writing all day long. The more thinking critical that is done the better work will improve over time. Thinking critical can also do wonders in helping you stay alert in writing and reading because the brain is constantly at work processing information that was just read. Adler backs this up by saying, â€Å"First, it keeps you awake. (And I don’t mean merely conscious; I mean awake.) In the second place; reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written.† The things that Adler and Lee are both talking about are forms of critical thinking in reading and writing. â€Å"The Markers Eye† by Donald Murray is also a form of critical thinking in reading and riding by showing that writers are always looking more into their work the more they write. Murray says, â€Å"When beginning writers complete their first draft, they usually read it through to correct

Alienation Theme in Metamorphosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alienation Theme in Metamorphosis - Essay Example One day Gregor wakes up to find that he is a large insect with tiny legs that could hardly carry him. His enormous efforts to wake up and catch the next train after missing the normal one do not bear fruit and he decides to sleep. However, he cannot sleep since he is used to sleep on the right side and apparently, he could not turn to that direction. His employer visits his house, which makes him open the door and reveal his real status to his parents and his employer who leaves the house quite scared. From this point, Gregor is isolated form the rest of his family and he keeps to his room where his sister feeds him. He adopts insect features and items are removed from his room to create him enough space to crawl and fly. Every day he eats less, which makes his body very weak. Gregor receives rejection when he leaves his room one last time after hearing sounds of violin form her sister playing for customers. He at last dies and his family celebrates his death (Kafka and Crick 29-44; Kafka web). This paper discusses Kafka theme of alienation through Gregor who is alienated from his job, family, social life, and himself. Alienation from Himself One morning, Gregor woke up transformed into large insect. As he lifted his head he could see his brown belly, slightly domed, and divided by arches into stiff sections. He was so huge such that the bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to slide off any moment. Gregor had many legs, which were quite feeble compared to the rest of the body and could hardly carry him (Kafka web). This meant that Gregor had ceased to act like a human being and his actions had to change to that of an insect. He is a new man who has to rediscover himself again in his new form and manage the normal life he was used to. Kafka uses transformation from a human being to an insect to depict the highest level of alienation of human beings from themselves. Outwardly, Gregor could fulfil all his obligations most of which included his pare nt’s debts that he had to pay for the next six years. Despite working for the last fifteen years, he is living in his parent’s apartments with no future of himself, no dreams of his own and this is bound to continue for the next coming years. The job is so demanding that he has to leave the house at wee hours of morning, which makes him have not enough sleep. He has no time for himself to relax and do other things that he loves doing (Kafka web). Alienation from his Job Despite working for his company for the last fifteen years, Gregor is not one of the valued employees. Kafka presents him as one devoted employee who has never failed to report on duty for all these years that he has worked for this company (Kafka web). His devotion is because of loneliness that rocks his life due to lack of a woman around him and intimacy he longs for. A picture of a woman on his wall tells it all. However, his transformation has changed things now that he is not a valuable employee. H is current transformation alienates him from reporting to his duties a thing that makes him at loggerheads with his employers. A visit by a chief clerk form the company Gregor is working for highlights further conditions surrounding his work place. Gregor’s boss thinks that he has missed from work because of some money entrusted to him, which is not the case. The chief clerk is a good intermediary