Initial Assessment Essay Example for Free

Initial Assessment Essay The reasoning for using Initial Assessment in my curriculum area is because the majority of students have not completed a formal education or if having done so hold little or no qualifications. The majority of the courses start at entry level therefore no qualifications’ are require, but to offer students progression on to higher levels they need to be holding or be able to achieve a level 1 in communication and application of number. This is the minimum requirement to complete an apprenticeship programme and the vast majority wish to follow the vocational route to being a ‘qualified tradesman’. Procedures Before the day of enrolment students are fore warned at the interview stage what the awarding bodies’ requirement is to do a particular course. In the case of Construction Awards Alliance they have their own assessment criteria to try a match the suitability of the student to a particular trade. However because we deliver from entry to level 2 with three bodies to keep to the assessment process standard the college format is used( booklet produced by the learning centre, attached). Hillier. J (2005 p62) states â€Å"Great care must be used with such assessment activities. Many potential learners will feel highly by being threatened by being asked to undertake a diagnostic assessment. † In my opinion as long as students are made aware that this is not a formal test the majority do not mind taking the test, provided that the reasoning behind it is explained correctly. As a tutor it is important I remember the purpose of the test as Lambert. D and Lines. D (2000 p20) state â€Å"formative assessment is undertaken so that positive achievements of a pupil can be recognised and the appropriate next step planned†. Once all the information is collated this is entered into the course/ student profile booklet, this enables me or any other tutors to look at a particular student or group qualifications and progress as they are recorded for each achievement. Personally I think that the process works well when we complete the diagnostics on line as students can not see how others are doing. Most students feel more comfortable using this method as they do not feel as much pressure as they can wear head phones if required. The whole purpose works well because as a tutor working on entry level and to a certain degree on level 1, communication and application of number can be imbedded into the practical aspects of the course. The major weakness that I feel of the assessment process is that they are not curriculum specific; aspects of application of number are not relevant to the vocational subject. As I have experienced my self and some mature students the terminology of key words has changed until we have had them explained. When using the paper versions students that struggle to read or write often do not complete enough of the booklet, for the tutor to find the true level the students capable / working at. An important aspect that is often missed is the fact that to help students there is a requirement to have extra support in place if require for individuals. If there is no support is there a need for assessment? Yes but ensure all the support is provided and available as required in a timely manner. References a. Hillier. J (2005) Teaching in Further and Adult Education Gosport; Ashford colour press Ltd, p62 b. Lambert. D and Lines. D (2000) Understanding, Assessment ,Purposes, Perceptions, Practice London; RoutledgeFalmer, p20.

The Limits of Narrative in in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay

The Limits of Narrative in Heart of Darkness    Early English novelists depicted a very general reality; that is, what many observed to be "real" is what found its way into the narratives. For example, several novels of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries emphasize, or entirely revolve around, the idea of social status. Samuel Richardson's Pamela addresses a servant's dilemma between her morals and low social position; the hero of Henry Fielding's Tom Jones must also confront his "low birth." Jane Austen famously portrayed class struggles in nearly every one of her novels. These texts all represented the world at its face; the actions of the characters spoke for their "reality," and the narrator was simply the descriptor of these events. The novels conformed to a very narrow world-view, limited by popular thought. True, there was much to explore within this confinement, as shown by the range of commentary in the texts. Still, as stories they could only offer what society observed: a kind of reality by consensus. As Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness demonstrates, modernism rejected the aims and methods of realism, and claimed the inner self represented the real more closely than the public world. Furthermore, realism appeared to represent the world wholly and concisely. Conrad's novel rejects this, and instead exposes the failure of language to describe a complete reality. In Heart of Darkness, Marlow himself is incomplete, and so is his narrative. He is forced into imprecise language, resigned to using negative modifiers and repeating inexact words. He struggles to tell his story satisfactorily, and by his own admission, his telling is deficient. The limitation of language, then, becomes the focus of t... ...e rejection of nineteenth century realism. Since Marlow the storyteller is flawed, his story falters as a result. The novel effectively reduces each to their flaws, but does not attempt to hide its limitations behind a manufactured authority. It is this absence, or seeming absence, of controlled writing that brings Heart of Darkness closer to "the real" than any authoritative work of realism.    Works Cited Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. 1902. New York: Dover, 1990. Erdinast-Vulcan, Daphna. The Strange Short Fiction of Joseph Conrad. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. 78-108. Greaney, Michael. Conrad, Language, and Narrative. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 57-76. Hawthorn, Jeremy. Studying the Novel. 4th ed. London: Arnold, 2001. 60-61 Leavis, F.R. The Great Tradition. New York: Stewart, 1950. 173-82.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        

A study on the comparison of Nokia and Samsung handsets Essay

CHAPTER 1 The Nokia Corporation is a Finnish multinational communication and information technology Corporation that is head quartered in Espoo, Finland Nokia was the world’s largest vendor of mobile phones from 1998 to 2012. However, its market has been declined since last five years, with the introduction on touch screen Smartphones from other vendors like iphone by Apple, Galaxy series by Samsung. Initially, Nokia’s mobiles were on Symbian OS but with the increasing competition with Smartphones, Nokia tied up with Microsoft and started using Microsoft’s Windows Phone Operating System. Samsung mobile is a South Korean company head quartered in Samsung Town, Seoul. In 1993, Samsung developed its first lightest mobile. The SCH-800 and it was available on CDMA networks. Then they developed Smartphones and a phone combined mp3 player. At present Samsung are dedicated to the 3G industry. Making video, camera phones at a speed to keep up with consumer demand. Nokia Ab’s history started in 1865 when mining engineer Fredrik Idestam established a ground Wood Pulp Mill on the banks of the Tammerkoski rapids in the town of Tampere, in Southwestern Finland. In 1868, Idestam built a second mill near the town of Nokia, fifteen kilometers (nine miles) West of Tampere, by the Nokianvirta river, which had better hydropower resources. In 1871, Idestam, with the help of close friend and statesman Leo Mechelin renamed and transformed his firm into a share company, thereby founding Nokia Ab. Nokia developed a digital switcher for telephone exchanges and also helped develop the world’s first mobile phone network. By the late 1980’s Nokia had helped develop the GSM (Global Standard for Mobile communications) and had built more than 60 GSM networks in 31 countries around the world. The company name came from the Nokianvirta river, nearby which Polon’s factories were located a few years later. Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-Chul in 1938 as a trading company. Over the next three decades the group diversified into areas including food processing, textile, insurance securities and retail. Samsung entered the electronic industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid 1970s, these areas would drive its subsequent growth. Following Lee’s death  in 1987, Samsung was separated into four business group- Samsung group, Shinsegae group, CJ group and Hansol group. Since the 1990s Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities, particularly mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income. Dual SIM: It was an important factors for Samsung in taking over the Market with the release of dual SIM phone. Initially, Nokia was quite rigid till they finally launched their first Dual Sim Mobile Phone. But it was too late and by this Samsung, with its wide range of dual sim mobile, had already captured the market. Basic Features: Samsung integrated with basic features like Color Display, VGA Camera, FM etc with its wide range of Mobile. Initially Nokia concentrated on reliability. Lately, Nokia did also implement these features, but till that time Samsung had captured the section of society who were more interested in having basic features. Battery: Battery is undoubtedly the greatest strength of Nokia. But over the years Samsung did quite a nice job with their R&D and improve their battery quality as well. Smartphone: In today’s world there are huge section users in the society which are more tech savvy. Samsung introduced the smartphone world with galaxy series like Gal axy, Galaxy Ace, Galaxy Fit and Galaxy S Series. Samsung uses the much user friendly Android Operating System by google. Where Nokia stuck to their symbian OS and later with Windows OS. Such wide range of products with user friendly nature helped Samsung to capture the market in very short span of time. Price: It is an important point in capturing the market. There are two sections of mobile user. One which goes for Less Price and other who don’t care about the price. Smartly, Samsung did provide a lot of basic features in low price and also introduced Smartphones series with wide range of products for other section of mobile users. On the other hand, Nokia was again rigid on price level and concentrated more on quality. Build Quality: Nokia is known for the best build quality when it comes to cell phones. Samsung on the other hand is known for using cheap plastic components and making fairly fragile smartphones by comparison. Offline Music and Navigation: In terms of offline music and navigation, Nokia provide better quality. Nokia Music app provides playlist either based on your own listing of artists or premade by Nokia. Samsung does not provide any such features without paying an extra money.  Also Nokia’s here drive gets the lead over Samsung offline navigation. Even in certain areas Nokia’s Navteq map data is better than google’s as per the reviews. CHAPTER 2 Here are the some objectives which Researcher has set up for the research and tried to work on the set objectives which is fully based on â€Å"Comparison of Nokia and Samsung handsets among the people of Gangtok†, and these are as follows: a.To study the marketing strategy adopted by Nokia and Samsung in promoting their handsets. b.To show how they have placed the 4p’s in their strategy. c.To analyse the sales volume and profitability of both the handsets. d.To know the preferences of handsets among different age group and class of people in Gangtok. e.To study the reason for their popularity in this particular area. The Finnish phone maker has updated its handset portfolio at the high end to compete better with Samsung’s super-successful Razor phone, the refresh has been less than inspired. â€Å"[Nokia’s] high-end phones are small, but they’re boxy. Samsung’s high-end [models] are thin and slick†. Samsung went for the wow effect, creating got to have it phones. Now, Nokia is playing catch-up. â€Å"It all comes down to innovation and product development,† says Hoffman. â€Å"Right now, Samsung is head and shoulders above Nokia in creating products that consumer’s desire. â€Å"Something as simple as naming a phone Razor has created enormous buzz for the company,† says Kelleher. Today, mobile phones are very common and prevalent in our society. Human relationship and mental concentration are now placed by electronic connections mobile phones have become a necessity and this industry is taking every one’s mind by storm. While doing the survey various limitations came across interms of collection of data from retailers as well as from the responders. Some questions set for responders remained unanswered and some from retailers as because of  their privacy. As researcher has to face limitation of time and money while doing this survey. Had there been more information researcher would have enclosed many points. CHAPTER 3 To assess the data both primary and secondary method of research has been conducted for more in-depth understanding and interpretation of study. To conduct the research the researcher has used both primary and secondary source of data. †¢Primary Data; Sources for primary data are limited and at times it becomes difficult to obtain data from primary source because of scarcity of information or lack of cooperation. Regardless of any difficulty one can face in collecting primary data, it is the most authentic and reliable data source. Following are some of the source of primary data: Questionnaire Personal Interview Telephone Interview †¢Secondary Data; Researcher has used the secondary data from the following source: Books Magazines Newspaper Internet As there was less time to have a detail survey of Nokia and Samsung comparison. So on conducting this survey researcher has taken 30responders as a sample. While conducting this research, the researcher has used Simple Random Sampling to collect the various data according to the study material. On the basis of collection of data interpretation and analysis has been made. CHAPTER 4 Nokia Nokia has successfully used its marketing strategy to target diverse  customers from around the world. Its products are equally used by rural as well as people of the urban areas. The company is using the right blend of standardization and adaption. Nokia standardized its product when possible and customize its product when needed. As the market for cellular phone is passing through the growth stage manufactures is continued. Nokia is using aggressive marketing strategy in the global market. Nokia is increasing its sales in its market of already available products through increase strong positioning strategy, promotional activities and competitive pricing strategy and thus company is able to increase the sales for its product. Samsung Samsung established many Samsung mobile stores to increase the visibility of the brand promotion. Offering advanced technology products and positioning itself on the technology platform will not help a company sell its products if it fails to communicate properly with the potential customers. Samsung adopted various marketing strategies like celebrity endorsements, corporate advertisements, highlighting its technological superior goods and many promotional schemes. Nokia Retailers Price: The pricing strategies used by Nokia vary from situation to situation and from product to product. For cutting-edge technological products that are newly designed by the company R&D, the company use first the skimming marketing strategy and then decrease the price. While for cost-effective products that focus on economy, the company use penetrating pricing strategy. Place: The company distribution network is situated in 150 countries and the company is still using its aggressive marketing strategy to boost its network and market development strategy to target new markets from around the world. Promotion: The company success can be traced to the excellent promotion activities carried out by the organization. The company use integrated marketing  communication to promote its various products in different region of the world. Nokia tries to attract customers towards their product through various advertising sales promotion etc. Product: The focus of the marketing efforts of Nokia is mostly on handset manufacturing only. The company is constantly enhancing its product portfolio by investing constantly new models. The mobile phones that are manufactured by Nokia have two diverse focuses: either low costs or cutting-edge technology. The products of the company are adopted as per the specific markets situation. Samsung Retailers Price: Because of its presence in different product categories, Samsung uses various pricing strategies. Samsung’s smart phones are one of the best in the market and are the market leader in terms of the features and USP’s that they provide. The recent Samsung Note 3+ Gear is another entrance in the market which is catching peoples eyes. Thus, Samsung uses skimming price for these products wherein in tries to get a high value in the start before competitors catch up. Once the model is old or any competitor has launched a similar products, Samsung immediately drops the price. Place: Samsung is present through various channels in the market. It works on the channel marketing concept wherein there are three segments. Sales and service dealers, modern retail and distributors. The sales and service dealers handle key accounts for Samsung and are involved in corporate sales. These dealers may also open exclusive Samsung showrooms. Samsung being such a branded product, the retailers are bound to keep Samsung as an alternative for their customers. Promotion: Samsung uses multiple forms of promotions. Samsung as a company believes in pulling the customer to themselves through advertising but at the product to the customer through sales promotions. Thus, on one hand, Samsung uses various marketing vehicles across the year covering festive season as well as non-festive time. Product: The benefit of Samsung in terms of its product is that there is a trust on all Samsung products because of the way Samsung products have performed in the last few years. Problems with the products has been negligible. And with its smartphones, Samsung has achieved a status of symbol for its customers. At the same time, Samsung is known for its service and people know that Samsung gives a very fast service for any of its product. Samsung beats Nokia in total phone shipments. It had already overtaken Nokia in sales volume and profitability last year but this is the most cited metric of market performance being the biggest in volume. Samsung growth is shown to be almost entirely due to smartphones while Nokia’s stagnant growth seems to be failure to have any smartphone attraction. CHAPTER 5 Brand and price are the main factors for consumers both in the 18 to 24 and in the 40 to 44 age groups. However, for the younger group, multimedia features such as a camera and styling are more important in deciding which phone to buy. In a generalized view, handsets for young adults serve as part social networking portal, part personal entertainment device and part fashion statement. For the older adults, in contrast, handsets serve a more utilitarian function of basic communications for work and personal use. Savvy service providers and handset brands are figuring out these preference patterns and are devising feature sets and service bundles that are highly targeted for various ages and needs. Popularity of Nokia in Gangtok Nokia offer online troubleshooting, live chat and a support forum through their website. A call centre is in operation seven days a week and the ‘Nokia Care’ app is available to download free for selected devices. Customers covered by warranty are also able to drop damaged products off at any place, to be sent to authorized technicians for assessment free of charge. Most of all because of Nokia Lumia as it is the Window phone with a modern dual-core processor and the first with an HD screen it is most popular among the people of Gangtok. Popularity of Samsung in Gangtok Samsung offer product support in the form of live chat Monday to Saturday, email and a customer support hotline available during standard working hours. They have also established ‘Customer Service Plazas’ in most major cities with showrooms, repair offices and warranty claim and tracking offices. As Samsung has both Android and Smartphones operating system and has superior quality screens and excellent connectivity, as well as social networking capabilities that is the reason Samsung is popular among the people of Gangtok. When was the last time you heard of something new and exciting from Nokia. In last 6 months only talk worthy and successful mobile launched by Nokia is, Nokia N8. Nokia has been really slow in addressing market requirements and new handsets and innovation has been rare. Result: Nokia is losing its market share in each and every geography and market segment. On the other hand, Samsung has been clearly gaining market share as well as mind share in all geographies and market segments. Some of the key reasons for Samsung’s success are Innovation in mobile technology, catching market trends early and serving them well. Following is an analysis of where Nokia and Samsung stand with respect to different segments: Top-end Phones: Samsung has multiple options available in top-end smart phone segment with popular mobiles like Samsung Galaxy S (Android), Samsung Focus (Windows Phone 7) and Samsung Wave Series (Bada OS). Nokia just has 1 decent popular phone in this segment – Nokia N8. While Nokia N8 has got good reviews about its hardware, it has been criticized for its software / OS, as being outdated. Samsung in general has won accolades from both critics and public for its range of top end smart phones. Winner: Samsung Mid-range Phones Nokia has some good midrange phones available like Nokia C6, Nokia C5, and Nokia E5 etc. These are good Symbian devices and do their job well. Samsung has also been able to create a good buzz in this segment with its mid-range  galaxy series and Corby series phones. Winner: Tie. Both Samsung and Nokia have good range of phones in this segment. Entry-Level Phones: Nokia has some good options here. But over last few years, the Indian handset manufacturers are giving Nokia a tough fight with feature rich, value for money phones in this segment. Samsung also has many phones in this segment like Samsung Guru Series which are good value for money. Over all Samsung and Nokia are at par in this segment. Winner: Tie. Both Samsung and Nokia have good range of phones in this segment. Dual SIM Phones Samsung is clearly a winner here. It has many good dual sim phones across entry-level and mid range phones. Nokia just has a couple of dual sim phones. Winner: Samsung CDMA Phones CDMA Phones also have a good market base. Nokia has very few CDMA phones available in the market. On the other hand Samsung has many options in CDMA segment. It also has tie ups with CDMA service providers like Reliance and Tata Indicom. Winner: Samsung Nokia appeared seemingly heading towards becoming the flagship bearer of the Windows Phone operating system, but it has stunned everyone by announcing a phone with the Android operating system. Many have criticized the company for not adopting this Google powered operating system, but they seem to have answered this calls by the launch of the Nokia X. Unlike most of the Android phones in the market, this device uses the free version of the software. One of the phones competing alongside it will be the Samsung Galaxy Core. Philosophy: The Android operating system found on the Nokia X is vastly different from the one found on the Galaxy Core. The latter uses the traditional Android OS along with the Touchwiz user interface to deliver a similar design to most Samsung users. Nokia, meanwhile, tries to bring the best of both worlds. It  not only offers the popular Android operating system with its huge availability of apps, but it also provides the phone its own ecosystem of apps. This is largely built upon the maps, which have till date emerged as one of the greatest competitors of the Google maps. Power: Like the philosophies, the way the phones approach the user are also extremely different. Samsung manages to leap ahead through the use of a slightly powerful processor and significant amount of additional RAM. It comes with specifications of a dual core 1.2 GHz processor and 1 GB of RAM. This is a sharp contrast to Nokia, which offers the Nokia X with a dual core 1 GHz processor and 512 MB of RAM. The difference with regard to power end here because both phones came with the same snapdragon processor and Adreno 203 graphics processing unit. They also come with the Android 4.1 version as standard. The user interface, though, is highly differentiable between the two devices due to the usage of the touchwiz user interface of the Samsung. Google Application: Bringing the full version of the Android operating system in the Samsung has its own advantages since the phone includes a number of Google apps by default. Google search, YouTube, Gmail, Calendar are some of the different Google elements that come integrated with the phone. However, they can be introduced on the Nokia X as well, but most users will prefer their being inbuilt rather than having to install separately. CHAPTER 6 Researcher has analysis the data that are provided by different customers in Gangtok. Researcher further explain the information in the format of pie chart as follows: INTERPRETATION: It is clear that 50% users use Samsung, 34% use Nokia and rest 16% use other phone. INTERPRETATION: we overall can see that 20% of Nokia users are satisfied with the product and 23% of users are not satisfied. Along with this 27% of  Samsung users are satisfied with the product they use and 23% are not satisfied. INTERPRETATION: As we clearly see that most of the mobile phone users are ready to purchase cell phone just because of its brand name and rest 33% are denying with the brand name purchasation. INTERPRETATION: It is clear from the above pie chart that most of the Nokia users says that Nokia gives the good battery back up as compare to Samsung mobile phones. And it is being positive vive within the Nokia users about their preferences. INTERPRETATION: It is noticed that 53% of Samsung users agreed that Samsung mobiles are very good in business point of view because Samsung provide different apps to carry such business work. And 40% Nokia users believe in Nokia for business work. INTERPRETATION: It is clear from the above chart that 67% Samsung users believe that Samsung mobiles provides better camera clearity as compare to Nokia phones. And 33% Nokia users believe that Nokia provides better camera clearity. INTERPRETATION: The above pie chart shows that only 33% of Nokia users believe that Nokia mobiles provide better sound quality. And rest 67% of Samsung users believe that Samsung mobiles provide good sound quality. INTERPRETATION: It is true answer given by Samsung users that Samsung phones provide better dual sim phones as compared with Nokia mobiles phones. Samsung provide dual sim facility right from mid-range phone to top-end phones. INTERPRETATION: It is a tie result from the above pie chart that both the Nokia and Samsung mobile users believe that both the company provides more cell memory storage right from internal storage to external storage. INTERPRETATION: From the above pie chart it is being clear that 67% of Samsung users believe that Samsung mobile has better screen resolution and 27% of Nokia users believe that Nokia mobiles has better screen resolution. CHAPTER 7 SUGGESTION: After completion of field work on questionnaire, objective and based on the data collected, researcher has analyse and made some suggestion according to it. They are as follows: †¢Researcher have seen that 50% users use Samsung mobile phones as compare to Nokia. So, Nokia should focus on the user accessibility and promote their products for the users. †¢Researcher has found that users are very much satisfied with the Samsung handsets. So, the Nokia should provides customer satisfaction either through their apps or various facilities within the handsets. †¢As the brand name provides trust within the customer and are ready to purchase just because of brand name. So, both the company should try to upgrade their handsets widely according to the users. †¢It has found that most of the users are satisfied with the Nokia battery back-up as compare to Samsung. So, in this regard Samsung should improves their battery back-up and retain their market. †¢It has been seen that camera clearity provided by Samsung is most trustable as compare to Nokia as 67% users believe in Samsung’s camera clearity. So, Nokia should focus in their camera so that it does not loss their interest from the users. †¢It has been seen that Samsung has multiple options available in top-end smartphone segment whereas Nokia just has 1 decent popular phone in this segment i.e., Nokia N8. So, Nokia should try to launch new and more top-end segment phones to compete with Samsung. †¢In dual sim phones Samsung is clearly a winner. Nokia just has a couple of dual sim phones. So, to beat Samsung, Nokia should improve their dual sim phones right from entry level phones to top-end phones. CONCLUSION: Over the last two decades the mobile phone market has gone through tremendous changes, with unbelievable products and rapid growth in the market. The growth of the market is still continued. Nokia is using its creative marketing strategies to hold its market through strong positioning and  competitive strategy in order to beat the competition. Whereas Samsung establish many stores to increase the visibility of the brand promotion. Samsung adopt various marketing strategies like celebrity endorsement, corporate advertisement for promotional of their product and capture the market as well. As the popularity of Nokia mobile phones is quite scarce within the Gangtok area as compare to the Samsung mobiles phones, which is highly popular within the teenagers and old age persons of Gangtok. Lastly, if the company continue to tailor its strategies according to the needs and wants of the target market, it chances for success in the market will increase even more. Websites: †¢www.studymode.com/essays/Samsung-Mobile-Phone-39587872.html †¢www.studymode.com/essays/Samsung-Mobile-1211966.html †¢www.studymode.com/essays/Research-Report-On-Comparative-Study-On-1496464.html †¢www.arjunsingh84.hubpages.com/hub/Nokia-Vs-Samsung-Features †¢www.ordoh.com/2014/05/nokia-samsung-galaxy-core-specifications-pricing-comparison/ †¢www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/marketing-strategies-used-by-nokia-marketing-essay.php Magazine: MY MOBILE (For a connected Lifestyle) Nokia Asha 230 Dual SIM †¢Nokia Asha OS v1.1.1 †¢1.3 MP, 1280 x 1024 Pix.. †¢Price Rs.3,197/- Nokia XL †¢Nokia X OS v1.0 †¢Ext:5.0MP, 2592Ãâ€"1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.9,195/- Nokia X Plus †¢Nokia X OS v1.0 †¢3.0 MP, 2048 x 1536 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.11,000/- Nokia X †¢Nokia X OS v1.0 †¢3.0 MP, 2048 x 1536 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.6,849/- Nokia Asha 230 †¢Nokia Asha OS v1.1.1 †¢1.3 MP, 1280 x 1024 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.3,210/- Nokia Lumia 630 †¢Microsoft Windows Phone †¦ †¢5.0 MP, 2592 x 1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.10,500/- Nokia Asha 503 Dual SIM †¢Nokia Asha OS v1.2 †¢5.0 MP, 2592 x 1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.6,167/- Nokia Lumia 1320 †¢Microsoft Windows Phone 8 †¢Ext:5.0MP, 2592Ãâ€"1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.17,900/- Nokia Lumia 525 †¢Microsoft Windows Phone 8 †¢5.0 MP, 2592 x 1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.8,909/- Nokia 515 Dual SIM †¢Nokia Series 40 †¢5.0 MP, 2592 x 1944 Pix.. †¢.Price Rs.8,999/- Samsung Galaxy S3 Neo †¢Android OS, v4.2 (Jelly †¦ †¢Ext:8.0MP, 3264Ãâ€"2448 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.22,981/- Samsung Galaxy S3 Mini VE I8200 †¢Android OS, v4.2.2 (Jell†¦ †¢Ext:5.0MP, 2592Ãâ€"1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.15,960/- Samsung Galaxy S3 Neo Plus I9300I †¢Android OS, v4.3 (Jelly †¦ †¢Ext:8.0MP, 3264Ãâ€"2448 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.25,345/- Samsung Galaxy Note 3 Neo †¢Android OS, v4.3 (Jelly †¦ †¢Ext:8.0MP, 3264Ãâ€"2448 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.30,353/- Samsung Galaxy Grand Neo †¢Android OS, v4.3 (Jelly †¦ †¢Ext:5.0MP, 2592Ãâ€"1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.15,000/- Samsung Galaxy S Duos 2 S7582 †¢Android OS, v4.2 (Jelly †¦ †¢Ext:5.0MP, 2592Ãâ€"1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.8,309/- Samsung Galaxy Core Plus G3500 †¢Android OS, v4.2 (Jelly †¦ †¢Ext:5.0MP, 2592Ãâ€"1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.13,251/- Samsung Galaxy Star Pro S7260 †¢Android OS, v4.1.2 (Jell†¦ †¢2.0 MP, 1600 x 1200 Pixe†¦ †¢Price Rs.5,328/- Samsung Galaxy Star Pro S7262 †¢Android OS, v4.1 (Jelly †¦ †¢2.0 MP, 1600 x 1200 Pixe†¦ †¢Price Rs.5,391/- Samsung Galaxy Trend S7392 †¢Android OS, v4.0 (Ice Cr†¦ †¢3.0 MP, 2048 x 1536 Pixe†¦ †¢Price Rs.6,715/- Samsung Galaxy S4 Mini Duos I9192 †¢Android OS, v4.2.2 (Jell†¦ †¢Ext:8.0MP, 3264Ãâ€"2448 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.16,999/- Samsung Galaxy Victory 4G LTE L300 †¢Android OS, v4.0.4 (Ice †¦ †¢Ext:5.0MP, 2592Ãâ€"1944 Pix†¦ †¢Price Rs.16,372/- QUESTIONNAIRE Name: Age: Address: Occupation: 1)Which mobile you are using? a) Nokia b) Samsung c) Other 2)Are you satisfied with product you are using i.e., Nokia/Samsung? a) NokiaYes/No b) SamsungYes/No 3)Will you be ready to buy a Nokia/Samsung  handsets just because of its brand name? a) Yes b) No 4)Which provide good battery back-up? a) Nokia b) Samsung 5)Which would you prefer in business point of view? a) Nokia b) Samsung 6)Which gives better camera clearity? a) Nokia b) Samsung 7)Which cell companies have better sound quality? a) Nokia b) Samsung 8)Which company provides better dual sim phones? a) Nokia b) Samsung 9)Which company has more cell memory storage? a) Nokia b) Samsung 10)Which company do you think provides better screen resolution? a) Nokia b) Samsung

Unitarian and Universalist Women

Many Unitarian and Universalist women were among the activists who worked for womens rights; others were leaders in the arts, humanities, politics and other fields. Â  The list below is fairly extensive and includes women from before the Unitarian and Universalist movements merged as well as afterwards, and also includes some women from neighboring movements including Ethical Culture. Listed in order of their birth years. American unless otherwise indicated. Anne Bradstreet 1612-1672 Nonconformist poet, writer; descendents include Unitarians William Ellery Channing, Wendell Phillips, Oliver Wendell Holmes Anna Laetitia Aiken Barbauld 1743-1825 Unitarian (British) activist, poet Judith Sargent Murray 1751-1820 Universalist poet and author; wrote essay on feminism: On the Equality of the Sexes in 1790 (Rossi, 1973) Mary Wollstonecraft 1759-1797 Unitarian; married Unitarian minister author, wrote Vindication of the Rights of Woman in 1792) and Maria or the Wrongs of Woman; mother of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, author. Mary Moody Emerson 1774-1863 Unitarian writer; many of her unpublished writings foreshadow the ideas of her nephew, Ralph Waldo Emerson Maria Cook 1779-1835 Universalist jailed after preaching Universalism Lucy Barnes 1780-1809 Universalist Universalist writer, poet Eliza Lee Cabot Follen 1787-1860 Unitarian childrens author, abolitionist; she, with husband Charles Follen, Harvard German instructor, introduced the Christmas tree custom to America Eliza Farrar 1791-1870 Quaker, Unitarian childrens author, abolitionist Lucretia Mott 1793-1880 Quaker, Free Religious Association reformer: abolition, feminism, peace, temperance, liberal religion; cousin of Phebe Hanaford (also on this list) Frederika Bremer 1801-1865 Unitarian (Swedish) novelist, feminist, pacifist Harriet Martineau 1802-1876 British Unitarian writer, social critic, journalist, feminist Lydia Maria Child 1802-1880 Unitarian author, abolitionist, reformer; wrote An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans and Over the River and Through the Woods Dorothea Dix 1802-1887 Unitarian mental health reformer, prison reformer, poet Elizabeth Palmer Peabody 1804-1894 Unitarian, Transcendentalist (teacher, author, reformer; sister to Mary Peabody Mann and Sophia Peabody Hawthorne (both also on this list); close associate of William Ellery Channing Sarah Flower Adams 1805-1848 Unitarian (British) hymn writer: Nearer My God to Thee Mary Tyler Peabody Mann 1806-1887 Unitarian educator; sister to Elizabeth Palmer Peabody and Sophia Peabody Hawthorne (both on this list), married to Horace Mann Maria Weston Chapman 1806-1885 Unitarian abolitionist Mary Carpenter 1807-1877 Unitarian (British) abolitionist, teacher, juvenile justice reformer Sophia Peabody Hawthorne 1809-1871 Unitarian author and writer; sister to Elizabeth Parker Peabody and Mary Peabody Mann (both also on this list), married to Nathaniel Hawthorne Fanny Kemble 1809-1893 Unitarian (British) poet, Shakespearean actress; author of Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838-39 Margaret Fuller 1810-1850 Unitarian, Transcendentalist American writer, journalist, and philosopher; friend of Ralph Waldo Emerson Elizabeth Gaskell 1810-1865 Unitarian writer, reformer, wife of Unitarian minister William Gaskell Ellen Sturgis Hooper 1812-1848 Transcendentalist Unitarian poet, sister of Caroline Sturgis Tappan (also on this list) Elizabeth Cady Stanton 1815-1902 Unitarian suffragist, organizer, writer, co-author of The Womans Bible, mother of Harriot Stanton Blatch (also on this list) Lydia Moss Bradley 1816-1908 Unitarian and Universalist educator, philanthropist, founded Bradley University Charlotte Saunders Cushman 1816-1876 Unitarian actor Lucy N. Colman 1817-1906 Universalist abolitionist, feminist, freethinker Lucy Stone 1818-1893 Unitarian feminist, suffragist, abolitionist; married Henry Brown Blackwell whose sisters were Elizabeth Blackwell and Emily Blackwell (both on this list) and whose brother Samuel Blackwell married Antoinette Brown Blackwell (also on this list); mother of Alice Stone Blackwell (also on this list) Sallie Holley 1818-1893 Unitarian abolitionist, educator Maria Mitchell 1818-1889 Unitarian astronomer Caroline Sturgis Tappan 1819-1868 Transcendentalist Unitarian poet, childrens author, sister of Ellen Sturgis Hooper (also on this list) Julia Ward Howe 1819-1910 Unitarian, Free Religious Association writer, poet, abolitionist, social reformer; author of Battle Hymn of the Republic; promoter of Mothers Day for Peace; mother of Laura E. Richards and married to Samuel Gridley Howe, founder of the Perkins School for the Blind, researcher Lydia Pinkham 1819-1883 Universalist (eclectic) patent medicine inventor, businesswoman, advertising writer, advice columnist Florence Nightingale 1820-1910 British Unitarian nurse; founded nursing as a modern profession; mathematician: invented the pie chart Mary Ashton Rice Livermore 1820-1905 lecturer,suffragist, temperance advocate, helped organize Civil War Sanitary Commission Susan Brownell Anthony 1820-1906 Unitarian and Quaker reformer, suffragist) Alice Cary1820-1871 Universalist author, poet, abolitionist, suffragist; sister of Phoebe Cary (also on this list) Clara Barton 1821-1912 Universalist American Red Cross founder Elizabeth Blackwell 1821-1910 Unitarian and Episcopalian physician, sister of Emily Blackwell, sister of Samuel Blackwell who was married to Antoinette Brown Blackwell, and of Henry Blackwell, married to Lucy Stone (Emily Blackwell, Antoinette Brown Blackwell, and Lucy Stone are on this list) Caroline Wells Healey Dall 1822-1912 Unitarian reformer, author Frances Power Cobbe 1822-1904 Unitarian (British) feminist, anti-vivisectionist Elizabeth Cabot Cary Agassiz 1822-1907 Unitarian scientist, author, educator, first president of Radcliffe College; married to Louis Agassiz Sarah Hammond Palfrey 1823-1914 writer; daughter of John Gorham Palfrey Phoebe Cary 1824-1871 Universalist poet, abolitionist, suffragist; sister of Alice Cary (also on this list) Ednah Dow Littlehale Cheney 1824-1904 Universalist, Unitarian, Free Religious Association civil rights activist, suffragist, editor, speaker Antoinette Brown Blackwell 1825-1921 Congregational and Unitarian minister minister, author, lecturer: possibly the first woman ordained as a Protestant minister in the US by a recognized denomination; later married Samuel Blackwell, brother of Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell and of Henry Blackwell who was married to Lucy Stone (Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell and Lucy Stone are on this list) Frances Ellen Watkins Harper 1825-1911 Unitarian writer, poet, abolitionist, feminist, temperance advocate Emily Blackwell 1826-1910 Unitarian physician, sister of Elizabeth Blackwell, of Samuel Blackwell who was married to Antoinette Brown Blackwell, and of Henry Blackwell who was married to Lucy Stone (Lucy Stone, Elizabeth Blackwell, and Antoinette brown Blackwell are on this list) Matilda Joslyn Gage 1826-1898 Unitarian suffragist, reformer; her daughter Maud married L. Frank Baum, author of The Wizard of Oz. Gage retained her membership in the Baptist church; later became a Theosophist. [picture] Maria Cummins 1827-1866 Unitarian author Barbara Bodichon 1827-1891 Unitarian (British) artist, landscape watercolorist; writer, cofounder of Griton college; feminist activist Phebe Ann Coffin Hanaford 1829-1921 Universalist minister, author, poet, suffragist; cousin of Lucretia Mott (also on this list) Abigail May Williams 1829-1888 Emily Dickinson 1830-1886 Transcendentalist poet; Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Unitarian minister, was an important figure in her career Helen Hunt Jackson 1830-1885 Transcendentalist author; proponent of Indian rights; no church connection as an adult Louisa May Alcott 1832-1888 Transcendentalist author, poet; best known for Little Women Jane Andrews 1833-1887 Unitarian educator, childrens author Rebecca Sophia Clarke 1833 -1906 Unitarian childrens author Annie Adams Field 1834-1915 Unitarian author, literary hostess, charity worker; married to James Fields, editor of the Atlantic; after his death lived with Sarah Orne Jewitt, author Olympia Brown 1835-1926 Universalist minister, suffragist Augusta Jane Chapin 1836-1905 Universalist minister, activist; one of the chief organizers of the Parliament of the Worlds Religions, 1893, especially of participation of many women of a variety of faiths in this event Ada C. Bowles 1836-1928 Universalist suffragist, abolitionist, temperance supporter, home economist Fanny Baker Ames 1840-1931 Unitarian charity organizer; suffragist, teacher; leader of the Unitarian Womens Auxiliary Conference Charlotte Champe Stearns Eliot 1843-1929 Unitarian author, reformer; father-in-law was William Greenleaf Eliot, Unitarian minister and founder of Washington University, St. Louis; son was T.S. Eliot, poet Eliza Tupper Wilkes 1844-1917 Universalist and Unitarian minister Emma Eliza Bailey 1844-1920 Universalist Universalist minister) Celia Parker Woolley 1848-1919 Unitarian, Free Religious Association minister,social reformer Ida Husted Harper 1851-1931 Unitarian journalist, historian and biographer and press expert for the woman suffrage movement Anna Garlin Spencer 1851-1931 Free Religious Association minister, writer, educator, NAACP founder, social reformer; also wife of Unitarian minister William B. Spencer; though Spencer was associated with Unitarian, Universalist, and Ethical Culture congregations, she identified with the broader free religion Mary Augusta Safford 1851-1927 Unitarian minister Eleanor Elizabeth Gordon 1852-1942 Unitarian minister Maud Howe Elliott 1854-1948 Unitarian author, social reformer; daughter of Julia Ward Howe (also on this list) Maria Baldwin 1856-1922 Unitarian educator, reformer, first African American woman principal Harriot Stanton Blatch 1856-1940 Unitarian suffragist; daughter of Elizabeth Cady Stanton (also on this list) Alice Stone Blackwell 1857-1950 Unitarian suffragist, reformer; daughter of Lucy Stone (also on this list) and Henry Brown Blackwell Fannie Farmer 1857-1915 Unitarian (and Universalist?) cookbook author, teacher of cooking and dietetics; first to write recipes wit exact measurements Ida C. Hultin 1858-1938 Unitarian and Universalist minister; spoke at 1893 Parliament of the Worlds Religions Caroline Julia Bartlett Crane 1858-1935 Unitarian minister, social reformer, sanitation reformer Carrie Clinton Chapman Catt 1859-1947 Unitarian connections suffragist, pacifist, founder of League of Women Voters Ellen Gates Starr 1859-1940 Unitarian roots, converted to Roman Catholicism co-founder of Hull House, labor activist, Socialist Charlotte Perkins Stetson Gilman 1860-1935 Unitarian (feminist, speaker, author of Herland, The Yellow Wallpaper) Jane Addams 1860-1935 Presbyterian social reformer, settlement house founder; author of Twenty Years at Hull House; attended All Souls Unitarian Church in Chicago and the Ethical Culture Society in Chicago for many years; was briefly an Interim Lecturer at the Ethical Society; retained her membership in a Presbyterian congregation Florence Buck 1860-1925 Unitarian minister, religious educator, writer Kate Cooper Austin1864-1902 Universalist, freethinker feminist, anarchist, writer Alice Ames Winter 1865-1944 Unitarian Womans Club leader, author; daugher of Fanny Baker Ames (also on this list) Beatrix Potter 1866-1943 Unitarian (British) artist, author; wrote Peter Rabbit series Emily Greene Balch 1867-1961 Unitarian, Quaker 1946 Nobel Prize for Peace; economist, pacifist, a founder of the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom Katherine Philips Edson 1870-1933 Unitarian suffragist, reformer, labor arbitrator (Sara) Josephine Baker 1873-1945 Unitarian health reformer, physician, public health administrator Amy Lowell 1874-1925 Unitarian poet Edna Madison McDonald Bonser 1875-1949 Universalist minister, religious educator; first woman minister in Illinois Clara Cook Helvie 1876-1969 minister Sophia Lyon Fahs 1876-1978 Unitarian Universalist religious educator, minister Ida Maud Cannon 1877-1960 Unitarian social worker; known as founder of medical social work Margaret Sanger 1883-1966 birth control advocate, social reformer Marjorie M. Brown 1884-1987 Unitarian (uthor, Lady in Boomtown Maja V. Capek 1888-1966 Unitarian (Czechoslovakian) Unitarian minister; helped create the Flower Communion and introduce it to Unitarians in America and Europe Margaret Barr 1897? - 1973 Unitarian (British) educator, administrator, helped create Unitarian church movement in Khasi Hills, India; friend of Gandhi May Sarton 1912-1995 Unitarian Universalist poet, author Sylvia Plath poet Malvina Reynolds songwriter, folksinger Frances Moore Lappe author, nutritionist, activist: wrote Diet for a Small Planet Jewel Graham Unitarian Universalist social welfare educator; President, World YWCA