Blood Bank

bank line bank Although there argon for each one complicated instruments in the furrow bank department, but its a very important and sensitive separate of the medical laboratory as it deals with applyers and acceptors of the course, it transfer for leukemia and thalasemia patients, new born and cancer patients and so m some(prenominal) cases p arntage bank pitch their lives. Tests that are railway carried in this department 1- Some tests, which include donated free of diseases, serology tests 2- rootage grouping 3- rhesus factorRh 4- mold &038 indirect coombs test 5- cross twinned 1-serology testsTo ensure that donated free of infectious diseases as HIV, Hbs, VDRL These tests are rabid tests victimization a card pic 2- squanderer grouping Red filiation cells contain on their surface on Ag A,B, and the have their antibodies in the serum on the same violent line of work cells. That means, that every affinity group can give a specific different group and receive a lso from a specific one in order to avoid agglutinating activity and so ocellus clotting. pic Method 1 On a slide put both devolves of line- -Add a drop of anti A on the first agate line drop, and a drop af anti B on the second descent drop mix and wait for 2 minutes observe the agglutination if happened with anti A the livestock group is A pic You can use of goods and services a test pipework instead of the slide, and then put the tubes in the centrifuge and watch the agglutination plant 3- Rhesus factor Rh Is a complex antigen D give on the ruby smear cells and has its anti in the serum of the affinity. 85 % are Rh + which has D in their riptide Its very dangerous if persons, which are Rh minus received Rh positive it makes agglutinations, and may lead to death. Method -As in the blood grouping -Put a drop of blood + a drop of anti D Mix to endureher, observe the agglutination -If found each agglutinations, its Rh positive. -direct &038 indirect coombs test T his test is carried prohibited to point out the comportment of incomplete antibodies, which would react with double of complete antigen making a clot. And these are very serious and dangerous cases. A- direct coombs test Detect antibodies labile with RBCs and conjoined Bhaotkon these objects is incomplete and non have the ability to cause curdling alone and shows Taktherha only aft(prenominal) the tote upition of serum Coombs. This test is very important in diagnosis umpteen cases, the most popular is hemolytic anemia of new born, lead poisoning, some drugs, inherited hemolytic anemia.Method -Add drops of blood in a test tube and wash using saline 2-3 times( wash as the word means, get saline to the blood and done the filtrate 2-3 times making a bloody suspension) add 2 drops to the washed Rbcs, and put the tube in the centifuge examine the fundamental law of whatever agglutination first with nacked eyes then using microscope. if found its a positive coombs test B- i ndirect coombs test to detect the presence of free antigens in the blood, not attached to red blood cells. Method prepare a sample of blood group O+ and wash with saline 2-3 times 2- put drops of patient serum in a test tube, add 2 drops of washed O+ blood 3- put in a water bath for 40-60 minutes 4- aft(prenominal) 50 minutes add bovine serum albumin to the tube 5- wash again with saline 3-4 times 6- add 2 drops of coombs anti human globuline, and then put into centrifuge 7- observe the presence of agglutination 8- if found before add coombs reagent = presence of anti D 9- If found after add coombs reagent= presence of incomplete anti D 10- If not found at all= negative test. pic -cross matching The cross matching test is very important in case of blood blood transfusion from conferrers to acceptors as the blood group and Rh should be identical to each other. So sample of blood of donor and acceptor is added to each other and checking for any formation of clotting, if found that i ndicates that they are not suitable for each other At first the blood group and the Rh fibre is observe before carring out the cross matching, and they should be identical Simply add drop of donor blood + drop of acceptor blood and mix fountainhead and watch for agglutinations formedIf any agglutination formed thats means the donor and acceptor blood are not identical The figure to a lower place inform the procedure briefly. pic Blood clutchs glossinesss For slip awaying blood bags colors are as follows Red is the color of blood is utilize to save the type (o) Yellow color is used to save the blood of type (a) ballpark color is used to save the blood of type (b) Blue color is used to save the blood of the type (ab) This poster, which shows color should clarify the patients number and for keeping the blood bag and the type of preservative and temperature required to save the blood and the name of the hospital blood and date of preparation.Anticoagulants used in blood bags I s non-clotting materials added to the blood bags Blood Bag These materials vary its chemical content, which in turn affect the period of keeping the blood. 1 Material CPD It knows its components change state phosphate dextrose and that preserve blood for 21 days after mixing blood, under heatlesser than 2-6 degrees Celsius. 2 Article CPDA They are the materials the previous supplement of adenine, which in turn kept the blood for 29 days in the same previous systems. 3 Article CPDA-I This article reservation blood for 35 days ,save the satisfying blood.These three materials used amount of 63 cm ? full unit of blood is added about 400-450 cm ? of tout ensemble blood by withdrawing blood from the donor. Where that blood saves temperatures of 2-6 degrees Celsius private refrigerators to save the blood. 4 SAG-M material or substance ADSOL used to save the knockout red blood cells for a period of 42 days degrees cooler than 2-6 degrees Celsius. This method using a c cm ? the s ag-m or ADSOL be present unit separate from the whole blood units and connected pipe unaired and sterile.As the blood drawn from the donor and mixes textured CPD usual and after by the apartheid regime through centrifugal force refrigerated centrifugation separates blood plasm to the unit empty neighboring unit blood then keep red blood cells concentrated alone which are added directly 100 cm ? of the foregoing adsol / sag-m to keep red blood cells to centralize for a period of 42 days. 5 Article Djileerool glycerol Reservation concentrated red blood cells for a period of 15 years or more and under cooler from 65 to 200 degrees Celsius below zero.This forward-looking way used to freeze red blood cells concentrated from sublime species or negative and is dissolving blood frozen after that when fashion and the need for washing cells red, textured saline-glucose solution to remove material Djileerool of blood and then later used these red blood cells to patients. The means of bloo d plasm and sludge near, it is frozen in freezers less degree cold out to about 30 to 35 degrees below zero and one year AD full, but platelets, they kept for five days in a continuous motion to prevent damage, and the degree of conservation of 20-22 degrees Celsius.Types of Blood Transfusion Blood Transfusion Full blood transfusion whole blood The simplest kinds of transport where blood is taken from the donor and kept in the fridge at a temperature close to almost 8 degrees. Which is used during times of emergency, But loses its anti-hemorrhage elements. transferee plasma As we know consists of blood red blood cells + plasma If red blood cells transport oxygen. The tasks of the plasma containing elements prevent blood clots. And thus will be useful for many patients and gives better results and faster as patients liver.As well as a pint of pure plasma is easier on the body of a mixed-liter of whole blood. Transfer platelets It is relatively more expensive and call for modern ma jor hospitals. Or be separated manually through lab technician but needs a sterile room at 100%, which may be difficult to get it continuously. The mean platelet extract only from the donor and returned the rest of the blood plasma + erythrocytes donated to the same moment. It is suitable for patients who suffer from a shortage of blood platelets, which help heal wounds. Refrigerators Blood Bank You will find two types of refrigerators refrigerators for keeping blood bags full whole blood And often have gate transparent glass shelves. each scoot of a particular department or certain species. There is, for ideal, a superfluous rack Balveselh A-or there is a special rack, Department of Orthopedic.. Each section has a share of the blood bags. There is a special rack emergency. Wharf special surplus given any section. Refrigerator temperature appears on a small digital screen. In addition, the average out temperature of 8 degrees Celsius. 2 refrigerators to save plasma bags temper ature of about 43 below zero ..Because plasma contain elements prevent icing and prevent bleeding and proteins need to lower temperatures to save Blood transfusion bags Per bag hosepipe blogger called tube, Recorded in the book Blood Bank. As an example No. This bag is hose 123456a .. And on each paper bag writable. Adzun name of the donor and the name of the patient and taking blood and blood. Daily and periodically examine the contents of refrigerators of blood bags and review its date. In the event of termination validity blood bag is left out of order execution .. Blood bags execution Be executed get rid of blood in two cases.Either analyzes showed that the donor patient in one of the viruses hepatitis or AIDS or syphalis Or expiration blood. Collect the bags to be culled in environmental bags red. And closes tightly car to take them medical waste to get rid of them safely through the burning in special containers .. Books of blood transfusion All data is recorded books, Name of the donor, blood type and result of the analysis and the compatibility and tube. When asked for any blood bag section. The technician or doctor reviewed the book and the contents of the fridge and writes a receipt or revenue blood bag, such as banks completely