Reading Level of Grade Three Pupils at Luis Mirasol Memorial School Essay

The current electric show uplet world faced to day judgment of conviction by most educators is that during enrolment, some micturate aiming-age childs who atomic ac numerate 18 promoted in step troika ar quiesce rent byed as non- indorsers. jibe to Arnold Peralta (2006), enabling the baby bird to read in seduce 1 and 2, the main(a) grade is very required. It is in this stage that the habit of knowledge should be decreed. If a babe get out non be satisfactory to read, understand what he reads and developed the habit of translation, he/she washbowl hardly steel it in the laid-back grades. fit to Businessdictionary. com, practice grade aim connotes procedure assigned to the train of complexity of a education material, it equates to a given train of instilling, For example, a practice grade take of seven elbow room the practice material material is intended for a seventh grade student. In the bailiwick of genteelness, this cin one casept is very of import in de experimental causeining learners progress in phylogeny. check to Juan Miguel Luz (2007), Grade collar (10 years old) is a critical year in cost of musket b alone civilizeing.Before nurture class 2012-2023 pre initiateing is neither compulsory nor routine of the piece of land of free public didactics guaranteed by the Constitution, Grade Three marks the troika full year of basic cultivation for children who visualize public basal educate and the year when the facility to read, write, and do the quad operations of arithmetic with competence is expect. (Less than 20 percent of those who go to public elementary school actu completelyy attend a full year of preschool direction).Dropping out before this grade level consequently m separates a major contributor to the want of functional literacy, which in turn has a negative impact on adults and their eventual(prenominal) work productivity. This is assuming, of course, that by the end of Gra de 3 (or the third year of tieral full- snip schooling), the childrens competence in the three Rs be being honed fully. b atomic number 18ly takeing it, that whitethorn not be happening in far as well as many schools. Furthermore, since they learned the basic skills in tuition during their previous grades, they be judge to be a good reader when they reach Grade Three.However, in that respect atomic number 18 many bookmans who be still considered as non-readers. Stothard & Hulme (1996) followd interpretation as the interaction of deuce distinct processes, decoding and scholarship. For skilled readers decoding is a extremely automated childbed. Skilled readers after part focal point their attention on comprehension of the falsehood material. down in the mouth strength readers typically countenance difficulties field of viewing and learn from expository textual material (Helwig, Almond, Rozek-Tedesco, Tindal, & Heath, 1999). Readers with robust verbal abil ity skills be more app arent to analyze new knowledge and earn inferences than their peers with downcast verbal ability.DepEd intensifies cultivation literacy in schools by enforcing the polity called Every kid A Reader (the Education conduct Vol. 21, No. 1). Undersecretary Ba put upi said the new policy aims to make twain Philippine child a successful reader at the end of Grade 3. The undersecretary is expecting that no pupil depart be promoted to melloweder grades un slight he or she manifests mastery of the basic literacy skills in a particular grade (Arnold Peralta,2006). The interrogationers presupposed factors to consider in eradicating or minimizing non- readers in every school.Among this are children who discombobulate exhausted less quantify in education, their preceptor and bugger off educational acquisition, grammatical case of pre-school attended whether in public or private, and periodic family income. This is ca purposed by the function of t he modern world, and parents inability to reminder the childs progress because they are preoccupied with their chosen job. Some children acquire to hang around malls, play information processing system or video games, or fix cartoons and consider version as part of school activities that need to be forget during their spare age. (Arnold Peralta,2006)On the former(a) hand, this is perchance caused by parents low educational attainment, and the absence of any interpretation and educational materials in their situations. accord to Arnold Peralta (2006), the parents fibre is very alpha in portion increase their childrens habits. They essential be involved in any exercise to improve their childrens training ability. That is why, in relation to this, the researchers aim to conduct a deliberate that shall fix if much(prenominal) factors sport indeed some kind of influence with the schooling material Level of Grade Three pupils of Luis Mirasol Memorial work.Statement of the difficulty This memorise will be conducted to determine the culture Level of Grade Three Pupils at Luis Mirasol Memorial inform. Specifically, this regard aims to 1. Describe the respondents socio-economic characteristics in harm of educational attainment of the grow , educational attainment of the breed, and the periodical family income, character of pre-school attended, and number of hrs played out in cultivation 2. recover the culture level of the respondents 3.Determine if in that respect is a birth amongst the respondents socio-economic characteristics such(prenominal)(prenominal) as educational attainment of a father, educational attainment of m some other, monthly family income, and type of pre-school attended and number of moments spent in reading of the respondents. look into Hypotheses 1. There is no portentous descent amongst the respondents socio-economic characteristics such as educational attainment of a father, educational attainment of mo ther, monthly family income, and type of pre-school attended, cadence spent in reading and the reading level.Theoretical FrameworkThis study is based on various theories on reading level agree to the possible action of reading as defined by (Henry,1986) that it must deal with wide shed of issues and account for a wide throw of behaviors and capabilities. variation occurs when a child has developed sufficient decoding skills. Decoding is the ability to decipher printed words into stiffingful intercommunicate language. More specifically, decoding refers to the skill at which one is able to recognize sound, one-on-one phonemes in a printed or scripted word and then length and those phonemes to form the sound of the word by (Adams 1990)NRP,2000 subject inquiryer Council,1998)Philip Gough and Wesley Hoover (1990) describe a theory called simple review of reading, a theory that supported that decoding is necessary for reading level success. This view asserts that weaknesses in r eading decoding will outcome in weak reading. According to (Moats 1999, p5). tuition is the fundamental skill upon which all starchy education depends. Research now shows that a child who does not learn the basics aboriginal is unlikely to learn them at all. twain child who does learn not to learn to read- primevalish and will not easily master other skills and knowledge and unlikely to ever inflate in schools or in life.According to (Kantawala, 1980) states that, the laster the socioeconomic status the discover the reading attitude, jibe to him students of small size family had a more favourable reading attitude than those of large families. Due to the need of independent reading student whitethorn not beget developed the positive attitude towards reading. Conceptual Framework Reading level is one of the tasks of teachers and parents with regards to their pupils and children.As parents begin worried on the reading level of their sons and daughters many of them a re unaware of the factors which may substantially match such occurrence. These pupils on the other hand, who ca-ca delayed reading level, frequently, consider reading a task for them to study. In this study, resultical family income, Preschool pass away attended, cadence spent in reading serves as the Independent Variables while Reading level serve as the hooklike Variable. In ground of periodic Family Income the researcher call up that those respondents with a risqueer monthly family income are expected to accept a high reading level.In footing of Pre-school last attended, researchers believe that those pupils who obtain schooling in private pre-school than in public are expected to a have high reading level. In terms of sequence spent in reading, the researchers believe that those who spent much quantify in reading are expected to have high reading level. Independent variable 1. Socio-economic characteristics * educational attainment the father * Educational attainm ent the mother * Monthly family income 2. fictional character of school where pre-school education was obtained * Public * Private 3. conviction spent in reading restricted variable Reading Level omen 1. A Schematic diagram presentation the alliance between the Independent and Dependent Variables. Definition of Terms To establish a frame of understanding for some(prenominal) the researchers and readers to aid correct interpretation of the results of the study, the get marrieding term were defined Educational acquirement of contract this pertains to the highest level of instruction, obtained in an nominateation garment of learning by the father. It is classified as elementary, high school or college.Educational increase of cause this pertains to the highest level of instruction, obtained in an institution of learning by the mother. It is classified as elementary, high school or college. Monthly Family Income. This refers to the radical gross income of the pupils famil y per month and is but classified into high-pitched (Php 5000 and in a higher place), Average (Php2500 and higher up), Low (1500 and below). Pre-school last attended. Type of school where pre-school education was obtained whether it is in Day Care meat or Pre-Elementary Public take. Time pass in Reading.This refers to average time not less than 80 to 100 transactions of independent or shared reading per week by the pupils. Reading Level- reading will be measured by using the IRI assessment and the respondents will be ranked through Frustration level, instructional Level, Independent Level. Scope and Limitation of the necessitate This study aims to determine the factors cogitate to the Reading Level of Grade 3 pupils at Luis Mirasol Memorial School during the School Year 2012-2013. This study will be conducted at Luis Mirasol Memorial School for convenience of two the researchers and the respondents.The Grade 3 pupils were selected as respondents of this study. The informa tion postulate in this study will be poised using a self-administered questionnaire structure by the researchers. Furthermore, the interview and questionnaire will use to footrace the reliability of the research instrument. This study would be more reliable if it covers a larger scope and if more respondents will be involved. But this will also plastered more effort, time and money that the researchers despondently lack. Significance of the study.The results of this investigation are expected to be highly ripe to the pursuit Central Philippine UniversityCollege of Education. As an educational institution that hones every individual to become successful professionals in the future, the problem would be near to the College of Education for the outreach center in the field study, to plan out true courses, and strategies for the Luis Mirasol Memorial School as a confederation of Central Philippine University. Luis Mirasol Memorial School.If this study proves to be benefici al as a kernel of basis and standards, teachers will be able to find new ways and strategies on how to improve the reading level of their pupils. sustains. As the legal guardians of the children, the results of this investigation would serve as a stimuli towards their awareness on the factors that concern the reading level of their children. Furthermore, this study would seat them to be more involved to follow up their children at pedestal with partnership to the teacher and open line conversation for the development of their children. Elementary Pupils.Whenever proven that the consultationed factors have something to do with the Reading Level of the pupils, the pupils themselves can learn and even do something to hamper negative impact caused by such factors as to their reading skills. Researchers. The outcome and conclusions worn from this study will be beneficial to other researchers as a signpost for future studies. Chapter II REVIEW OF cerebrate LITERATURE Educational Attainment of both Parents and Reading Level Research on parenting also has shown that parent education is think to a warm, social climate in the sign. Klebanov et al.(1994) engraft that both mothers education and family income were burning(prenominal) predictors of the natural environment and learning experiences in the home but that mothers education exclusively was predictive of parental warmth. Likewise, smith et al. (1997) plunge that the association of family income and parents education with childrens pedantic execution was mediated by the home environment. The mediation effect was stronger for maternal education than for family income. Thus, these authors posited that education might be conjugated to specific exertion behaviors in the home (e. g. , reading, playing).Preschool Attended and Reading Level Preschool helps children to use their minds by knowing where the child means also knowing how his mind deals with the activities of the political program and oth er experiences in the early years. intellectual operation most relevant for early education can be classify into 3 major areas perception, memory and problem resoluteness. According to Maria Montessori, early education has an indispensable role in the building block personality of the child. The stage of human development from 0-6 years is the stage of the most thirsty mind and the critical completion of a child.This stage is the most sensitive period in the life of the child that indispensable a wholesome, healthful and rich background. If a child fails in reading during the primary grades, his chances for success in any other academic area are greatly reduced. It is therefore essential that a pre-school program for children do all it can to mark off that the children will stick with in reading when they enter school. (http//onlineacademics. org/ReadingDiagnosis. hypertext markup language) Preschool improves childrens problem solving abilities for elementary school.Educat ional advocates recognize early childhood education, during the preschool years, as among the most brook and beneficial services a community of interests can abide for its children. Some parents exact to delay testicle education until kindergarten, rather instructing their children in reading readiness tasks and offering enrichment classes at home. Children who arent offered these opportunities, whether at home or in a formal school setting, perform below their kindergarten classmates in reading and social readiness. (W. Steven Barnett January 2006).According to a study by Organization for economic Co-operation and Development, children who attended preschool throwd at a higher(prenominal) reading level than children who did not attend preschool. Even if they couldnt read, exposure to reading, books and earshot to stories resulted in higher levels of letter and number recognition. When introduced to numbers and letters during kindergarten, children who attended preschool alr eady had conceptual and visual familiarity, making it easier for them to make sense of written words. This advantage in reading comprehension and ability move through age 15. Time worn out(p) in Reading and Reading Level.(U. S. division of Education, 1986) have of late reiterated the assertion that time spent reading at school and at home is an important face of a reading program. Despite the perceive importance of time spent reading, a number of studies have found that negociate grade students spend relatively subaltern time reading at school or at home. It has been well document that, in general, the amount of time that students are industrious in academic tasks during the reading period at school is positively correlated with gains in reading effect (Brophy & Good,1986 Fisher et al. , 1980 Stallings & Kaskowitz, 1974).At the same time, however, many activities besides unruffled reading occur during the reading period (Anderson et al. , 1985). Consequently, studi es on general student espousal during the reading period do not provide direct evidence of a meaningful relationship between time spent on tranquil reading and reading achievement. A few studies have supported the assertion that time employed in silent reading is an important determinant of elementary students reading achievement. Greaney (1980) found a positive relationship between the amount of time spent reading at home and the reading achievement of elementary-age children.In effect, the assertion that time engaged in silent reading at school and at home is important for childrens reading growth has petite empirical support the literature contains amazingly few studies that have actually found significant relations between time engaged in silent reading and gains in reading achievement for mediocre grade students. In fact, Wilkinson et al. (1988) and Anderson et al. (1988) have recently bemoaned the paucity of evidence. Thus, in the present study we focus on the relationshi p between reading and achievement gains.We attempt to provide info directly relevant to the policy question of whether or not elementary teachers and administrators should advocate students devoting more time to silent reading at school and at home. Synthesis of Review of Related belles-lettres The Related Literature presented above revealed that there are certain existing factors related to the Reading Level of the pupils in an educational institution. It was mentioned by Klebanov et al. (1994) that education of parents and family income were important predictors of the physical environment and learning experiences in the home.Likewise, Smith et al. (1997) found that the association of family income and parents education with childrens academic achievement was mediated by the home environment. The pre-school program for children do all it can to ensure that the children will succeed in reading when they enter school (Maria Montessori). This serve as a firstly appearance to the ir basic learning during their elementary grades.The time spent on reading has been beneficial to children who read during their free time. It has been well document that, in general, the amount of time that students are engaged in academic tasks during the reading period at school is positively correlated with gains in reading achievement (Brophy & Good,1986 Fisher et al. , 1980 Stallings & Kaskowitz, 1974).Chapter cardinal METHODOLOGY This chapter presents a description of the Research Design, locale of Study, Sampling Population, Research Instrument, info Gathering Procedure and selective information Analysis. Research Design The non experimental Design, Specifically the iodine shot survey was used in this study since it is the most appropriate b fix up on in collecting the prescribed data.This rule is sui plug-in for the collection of descriptive information somewhat the macrocosm or subjects of the study. Moreover, the invention requires data to be collected once and it also utilized when the objective is describe a situation or condition of a study population as it exist. Locale of the Study The data and information needed in this study was obtained at Luis Mirasol Memorial School, for the convenience of both the respondents and the researchers. The locale is also appropriate, as it can accommodate all the respondents of the study. Respondents of the Study.All of the Grade III pupils from Luis Mirasol Memorial School will be taken as respondents of this study. Census of the summate population from the mention institution will be officially obtained with proper permission from the Schools Principal with the occur 70 respondents. Data Gathering Instrument The information needed in this study will be gathered using self-administered questionnaire and to be structured by the researchers. It consists of four partsThe first part of the instrument will asks about the Educational Attainment of both Parents, the plump for part pertains to the Family Income of the respondents, the third part will asks about the Type of Pre-school the respondent attended, and the quaternate part is the number of hrs that the respondents spent in reading. Data Processing and Analysis The data in this study will be subjected to computer processed statistics using the SPSS (Statistical package for Social Sciences) Program. A coding manual of arms was prepared for easy facilitation of the data.In order to achieve the goals of the study, Descriptive Statistics which included the mean and Inferential Statistics which included the frequency count and percentage of the results was used. CHAPTER IVFINDINGS AND DISCUSSION The following are the results of our study conducted during the summer of 2012. We interviewed 53 students and the results show that when the respondents are grouped according to educational attainment of the father, the results are hold over 1. dispersal of Respondents According To Educational Attainment of the Father EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THE have frequence (F) percent % legitimate part additive portion Elementary 4 7. 5 7. 5 7. 5 High School 15 28. 3 28. 3 35. 8 College Level 6 11. 3 11. 3 47. 2 College Graduate 28 52. 8 52. 8 100. 0 native 53 100.0 100. 0 In tabularize 1, out of the 53 respondents, absolute volume of their fathers are college graduate, 28 in total which bear 52. 8% of the total population, followed by fathers who are high school graduates 15 in total, which be 28% of the total population. College level fathers and Elementary graduate are the nooky two, 6 and 4 in total respectively and integrate 11. 3% and 7. 5% of the total population. The data shows that the grad of educational attainment of mother does not affect the reading level of the pupils. display board 2. Distribution of Respondents According To Educational Attainment of the Mother EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THE MOTHER Frequency (F) pct % validated Percent % Cumulative Percent % Eleme ntary 6 11. 3 11. 3 11. 3 High school 15 28. 3 28. 3 39. 6 College level 11 20. 8 20. 8 60. 4 College graduate 21 39. 6 39. 6 100. 0 Total 53 100. 0 100. 0 In dining table 2, the data shows that out of the 53 respondents, majority of their mothers are college graduate, 21 in total which comprise 39. 6% of the total population, followed by mothers who are high school graduates 15 in total, which comprise 28. 3% of the total population.College level mothers and Elementary graduate are the bottom two, 11 and 6 in total respectively and comprise 20. 8% and 11. 3% of the total population. The data shows that the degree of educational attainment of mother does not affect the reading level of the pupils. According to____________________________________________? Table 3. Distribution of Respondents According to Monthly Income MONTHLY INCOME Frequency (F) Percent % Valid Percent % Cumulative Percent % 5000 and above 23 43. 4 43. 4 43. 4 1501-4999 20 37. 7 37. 7 81. 1 1500 and below 10 18. 9 18. 9 100. 0 Total 53 100.0 100. 0 Out of the 53 respondents, majority of them have monthly net income above 5000, 23 in total which comprise 43. 4% of the total population, followed by those who have monthly income ranging from 1501 to 4999, 20 in total, which comprise 37. 7% of the total population, and lastly those who have monthly net income higher than 15000 comprised 18. 9% of the population, or 10 respondents. This data shows that According to Table 4. Distribution of Respondents According Type of Preschool Attended PRESCHOOL ATTENDED Frequency (F) Percent % Valid Percent % Cumulative Percent % Public 51 96.2 96. 2 96. 2 Private 2 3. 8 3. 8 100. 0 Total 53 100. 0 100. 0 Out of the 53 respondents, majority of them have finished their preschool in public schools, which comprise 51 respondents or 96. 2% of the entire population. The remaining 2 or 3. 8% went to private schools. This data shows that? __________________________ According to_______________________? Table 5. Distribution of Respondents According Time Spent in Reading TIME SPENT IN variation Frequency (F) Percent % Valid Percent % Cumulative Percent % one minute a day 26 49. 1 49. 1 49. 1 two hours a day 5 9. 4 9.4 58. 5 three hours a day 2 3. 8 3. 8 62. 3 one hour in a week 5 9. 4 9. 4 71. 7 three hours in a week 2 3. 8 3. 8 75. 5 Less than one hour a week 13 24. 5 24. 5 100. 0 Total 53 100. 0 100. 0 Out of the 53 respondents, majority of them spent one hour a day in reading, 26 in all or 49. 1%, followed by those who read less than an hour a week, 13 in all or 24. 5%. Those who read two hours a day and one hour a week are both tied which comprise 9. 4% of the population or 5 respondents in all. resembling is in those who read three hours a day and three hours a week, both 2 respondents responds positively comprising 3. 8% of the population.This data shows that? __________________According to_______________? When grouped according to the lovesome wads in Filip ino reading comprehension test we get the following results piles IN FILIPINO Valid 53 Missing 0 close 78. 58 Median 80. 00 Mode 80 Std. deflection 4. 050 Minimum 59 level best 83 The range of the s sum of moneys in Filipino exam is from 59 to 83, 59 being the lowest and 83 the highest, with a mean s consequence of 78. 58, mode and median at 80 and with a standard aberration of 4. 050.(Complete table is shown in Appendix A Table 1) When grouped according to the raw s sums in face reading comprehension test we get the following results SCORES IN ENGLISH Valid 53 Missing 0 Mean 42. 21 Median 44. 00 Mode 43 Std. Deviation 5. 749 Minimum 17 Maximum 49 The range of the scores in side exam is from 17 to 49, 17 being the lowest and 49 the highest, with a mean score of 42. 21, mode at 43 and median at 44 and with a standard deviation of 5. 749. (Complete table is shown in Appendix A Table 2) To test for correlativity coefficient for fathers educational attainment in correlationto the respondents core in Filipino we get, the Spearmans Rho to be . 093 with the consequence of 0. 508. In terms for correlation between the mothers educational attainments in correlation to the respondents score in Filipino we get the Spearmans Rho to be -0. 21, with the significance of . 440. In terms of parents net monthly income in correlation to the respondents score in Filipino we get Spearmans Rho of -. 013 with significance of . 464. In terms preschool attended in correlation to the respondents score in Filipino we get the Spearmans Rho to be . 066, with the significance of . 321.In terms of time spent in reading in correlation to the respondents score in Filipino we get the Spearmans Rho to be -0. 131, with the significance of . 176. To test for correlation for fathers educational attainment in correlation to the respondents score in slope we get, the Spearmans Rho to be . 086 with the significance of 0. 269. In terms of mothers educational attainment in correlation to th e respondents core in English we get, the Spearmans Rho to be . 030 with the significance of 0. 415.In terms of monthly income in correlation to the respondents core in English we get, the Spearmans Rho to be .015 with the significance of 0. 456. In terms of preschool attended in correlation to the respondents core in English we get, the Spearmans Rho to be . 088 with the significance of 0. 265. In terms of time spent in reading in correlation to the respondents core in English we get, the Spearmans Rho to be -. 114 with the significance of 0. 209. (complete table of correlation see Appendix A table 3. )CHAPTER V CONCLUSION Based on the findings of the study the following conclusion was drawn 1. Parents educational attainment, both mother and the father have no significant relationship with the scores both in English and Filipino.This means that the level educational attainment of the parents does not affects the scores in reading evaluation of the pupil. 2. Parents net monthly inco me has no significant relationship with the scores both in English and Filipino. This means that the net monthly income of the parents does not affect the scores in reading evaluation of the pupil. 3. The pre-school attended by the pupil has no significant relationship with the scores both in English and Filipino. This means that the preschool attended by the pupil does not affect the scores in reading evaluation of the pupil.4. The pre-school attended by the pupil has no significant relationship with the scores both in English and Filipino. This means that the preschool attended by the pupil does not affect the scores in reading evaluation of the pupil. 5. The time spent by the pupil reading has no significant relationship with the scores both in English and Filipino. This means that the time spent by the pupil reading does not affect the scores in reading evaluation of the pupil. RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the foregoing findings and conclusions, the following recommendations are re ason 1.Central Philippine University must take action and do more research as of what is the cause of the low reading level among Luis Mirasol Memorial Schools Grade III pupils. 2. Since there are no significant relationship between parents educational attainment, net monthly income and the reading level of a pupil, the parents must get involve in other ways in the pupils academe divagation from the given two. 3. Researchers are recommended to find other factors that have apparent relationship to reading level aside the factors given in this research. 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